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899
- Death of King Alfred the Great of Wessex & All England. He is
succeeded by his son, Edward the Elder; but the latter is opposed by his
cousin, Aethelwold, a son of the late King Aethlred I. Prince Aethelwold
goes north and persuades the Vikings of York to accept him as their King,
at the expense of their own Sigefrith. 901
- King Edward the Elder of Wessex takes the title "King of the Angles
and Saxons". He founds the New Minster at Winchester as a Royal
mausoleum and inters the body of his father, Alfred, there. His mother,
Dowager-Queen Elswith,
founds the Nunnaminster at Winchester and retires into a religious life
there. Death of King Aethelstan (alias Guthrum) of East Anglia. He is
succeeded by his son, Eric. 902
- The Norsemen are expelled from Dublin. After a brief foray into
Seisyllwg and Anglesey, a group, under one Ingimund, settle in the Wirral
with the agreement of Lady Aethelflaed of the Mercians. King Aethelwold of
Norse York engages the help of the East Anglians to attack Wessex. The two
sides clash at the Battle of Holme (Essex) and Aethelwold is killed.
Sigefrith re-establishes himself in York, apparently with the help of one
Canute. They rule as joint monarchs. 905
- The Norse settler, Ingimund, and his men revolt against the Mercians and
try to take the city of Chester. They are beaten off. 906
– King Edward the Elder of England makes peace with the Northern Vikings
at Tiddingford (Bedfordshire). 907
- Lady Aethelflaed of the Mercians refortifies Chester against Viking
attacks. King Edward the Elder of England founds Romsey Abbey. Ealdorman
Aethelmar founds Cerne Abbey on the site of the hermitage of St. Edwold. 909
- Death of Bishop Asser of Sherborne. The See is divided and the new
Bishoprics created at Wells, Crediton and Ramsbury & Sonning. King
Edward the Elder of England and his sister, Princess Aethelflaed of Mercia,
raid Danish East Anglia and bring back the body of St. Oswald in triumph.
Aethelflaed presents it to her foundation in Gloucester. King Edward turns
on Norse York and attacks the North-West of England. 910
- King Edward the Elder of England attacks the Joint-Kings Halfdan II,
Eowils Ragnarson & Ivarr of Norse York. All three monarchs are killed
at the Battle of Tettenhall and their kingdom crippled. Ragnall I Ivarrson,
grandson of Ivarr the Boneless, seizes the throne after years of roaming
the Western Seas, but finds it expedient to remain within the Yorkshire
borders. 911
- Death of Lord Aethelred II of the Mercians. He is buried in St. Oswald's
Priory, Gloucester and is succeeded by his wife, Princess Aethelflaed of
Wessex, as Lady of the Mercians. Her brother, King Edward the Elder of
England insists on taking control of London and Oxford. 912
- The increasing thread of Viking invasions encourages Lady Aethelflaed of
the Mercians to expand her policy of building defensive burghs within her
kingdom. 913
- King Edward the Elder of England recaptures Essex from the Danes. Death
of High-Reeve Edulf of
Bamburgh. He is succeeded by his son, Eldred
I, who is almost immediately driven out by King Ragnall I Ivarrson of
Norse York. Eldred flees to
the Court of King Constantine II of Alba. 914
- High-Reeve Eldred I of
Bamburgh persuades King Constantine II of Alba to invade Norse controlled
Bernicia in an attempt to restore his position. The Vikings defeat the
Scots at the First Battle of Corbridge. Other Vikings harry the Welsh
Coast and move up the Severn. They capture Bishop Cyfeilliog of Ergyng,
but are driven out by Mercian levies from Hereford and Gloucester. c.915
- The body of St. Edmund of East Anglia is transferred to Bury St.
Edmunds. 916
- English raiders attack the court of King Tewdr of Brycheiniog at
Llangorse and make off with the Queen and thirty-three of her courtiers. 917
- Lady Aethelflaed of the Mercians cements an alliance with Kings
Constantine II of Alba and Donald mac Aed of Strathclyde against Norse
York. She captures the city of Derby, while her brother, King Edward the
Elder of England, takes Towcester. Aethelflaed's armies also ravage
Brycheiniog in revenge for the killing of the, now unknown, Abbot Egbert.
918
- Death of King Eric of East Anglia. East Anglia brought under Wessex
rule. High-Reeve Eldred I
of Bamburgh again persuades King Constantine II of Alba to help him
reclaim his position in Bernicia. They mount a second invasion of his now
Norse controlled lands. The Vikings defeat the Scots again at the Second
Battle of Corbridge, but take heavy casualties themselves. Eldred
probably manages to retake most of Northern Bernicia. Lady Aethelflaed of
the Mercians begins to intrigue with diaffected factions within the Norse
Kingdom of York and peacefully overruns the Borough of Leicester. Her
brother, King Edward the Elder of England, takes Stamford by force. King
Idwal Foel of Gwynedd and King Hywel Dda and Prince Clydog of Deheubarth
submit to the overlordship of King Edward. Death of Lady Aethelflaed of
the Mercians at Tamworth. She is buried in St. Oswald's Priory in
Gloucester and nominally succeeded by her daughter, the twenty year old
Princess Aelfwinn. 919
- Lady Aelfwinn of the
Mercians is brought to the court of her maternal uncle, King Edward the
Elder of England, and deprived of her authority in Mercia. King Edward
formally annexes the country. The end of independent Mercian rule. 920
– Death of King Ragnall I Ivarrson of Norse York. He is succeeded by his
brother, King Sigtrygg Caech (the Squinty) of Norse Dublin. Kings Sigtrygg
Caech of Norse York, Constantine II of the Scots and Donald mac Aed of
Strathclyde, as well as High-Reeve Eldred I of Bamburgh and his brother,
Uhtred, all meet King Edward the Elder at Bakewell and submit to his
overlordship. 924
- Death of King Edward the Elder of England at Farndon-upon-Dee whilst
putting down a Cambro-Mercian rebellion. He is succeeded by his eldest
legitimate son, Aelfweard, in Wessex and by his eldest illegitimate son,
Aethelstan, in Mercia. King Aelfweard conveniently dies sixteen days later
and Aethelstan becomes effective ruler of most of England. His appointment
is, however, opposed by one Alfred of unknown origin. 925
- King Aethelstan is finally crowned at Kingston-on-Thames. He founds Bury
St. Edmunds Abbey around the shrine of St. Edmund of East Anglia. 926
- Aethelstan annexes Northumbria, and forces the kings of Wales,
Strathclyde, the Picts, and the Scots to submit to him. c.926
- St. Edburga, daughter of
King Edward the Elder of England, enters the Nunnaminster at Winchester,
at an extremely young age. 927
- The border between England and Wales is set at the River Wye when Kings
Hywel Dda of Deheubarth and Owain of Glywysing & Gwent submit to the
overlordship of King Aethelstan of England at Hereford. Death of King
Sigtrygg Caech of Norse York. King Aethelstan of England claims his
kingdom and receives the submission of High-Reeve Eldred
I of Bamburgh. Practicalities probably actually meant that Eldred
looked more towards King Constantine II of Alba as his overlord. 930
- Death of High-Reeve Eldred
I of Bamburgh. He is succeeded by his son, Osulf. High-Reeve Osulf attests
a number of Wessex charters during his reign showing his close association
with the English Court. 931
- Kings Morgan Hen of Glywysing & Gwent, Hywel Dda of Deheubarth and
Idwal Foel of Gwynedd submit to the overlordship of King Aethelstan of
England and attend him at court. 933
- Prince Edwin, brother of King Aethelstan of England, is drowned in
mysterious circumstances en route to France and buried at Saint-Bertin. 934
- King Tewdr of Brycheiniog attends the court of King Aethelstan of
England and signs English Land Charters. Kings Hywel Dda of Deheubarth,
Idwal Foel of Gwynedd and Morgan Mwynfawr of Morgannwg are compelled to
accompany Aethelstan on his campaign against King Constantine II of Alba. 937
- Battle of Brunanburh: King Aethelstan of England defeats an alliance of
Scots, Strathclyde Britons and the Vikings of York, and takes the title of
"King of all Britain" c.937
- King Idwal Foel of Gwynedd distances himself from his English overlord. 939
- King Aethelstan founds Muchelney Abbey. Death of King Aethelstan at
Gloucester. He is buried at Malmesbury Abbey and succeeded by his
half-brother, Edmund the Magnificent. King Edmund looses control of
Northumbria again to King Olaf I Guthfrithsson. 940
- King Olaf I Guthfrithsson of York raids the Midlands. With Archbishop
Wulfstan of York, he is besieged at Leicester. Wulftsan and the Archbishop
of Canterbury negotiate a peace treaty and the border of Viking and
English territory is set at Watling Street. 941
- Death of King Olaf I Guthfrithsson of York on a raid in Northern
Northumbia. He is succeeded by his cousin, Olaf II Cuaran (the Sandal). 942
- King Olaf II Cuaran of York is unable to hold onto his new territories
and King Edmund the Magnificent of England retakes the Five Boroughs.
Kings Idwal Foel of Gwynedd openly rebels against the overlordship of the
English monarchy. Both he and Llewelyn of Powys are killed fighting
English armies. 943
- King Edmund of England drives King Olaf II Cuaran of York from his
capital. He retires to Dublin and his cousin and rival, Ragnall II
Guthfrithsson takes the throne. 944
King Ragnall II Guthfrithsson of York is killed and King Edmund of England
takes over his kingdom. 945
- St. Dunstan becomes Abbot of Glastonbury. King Donald of Strathclyde is
killed fighting the forces of King Edmund the Magnificent of England. 946
- The sons of King Donald of Strathclyde are captured and blinded by King
Edmund the Magnificent of England. Their kingdom, stretching as far south
as Stainmore, is given to their second cousin, King Malcolm I of Alba.
King Edmund sends a deputation to Francia to negotiate the restoration of
King Louis. King Edmund the Magnificent is stabbed and dies at
Pucklechurch, whilst trying to rescue one of his officials in a brawl. He
is buried at Glastonbury and succeeded by his younger brother, Edred.
Dunstan is named his chief minister. 947
- King Edred of England receives oaths of loyalty from the lords of
Northumbria at Tanshelf. They, subsequently however, welcome Eric Bloodaxe
as the King of York. 948
- King Edred of England takes an army North and burns the minster at
Ripon. His army retreats but is attacked. His threat to devastate the
North, leads to the lords of Northumbria abandoning King Eric Bloodaxe. 949
- King Hywel Dda of Deheubarth, Gwynedd & Powys attends the court of
King Edred of England. 951
- The Northumbrians revolt against the English and in favour of their
former King, Olaf II Cuaran. He returns to rule Norse York. 952
- King Olaf II Cuaran of Norse York is thrown out of his kingdom by his
people. They bring back King Eric Bloodaxe in his place. c.953
- King Edred of England delegates much of his authority to St. Dunstan.
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